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At the time it was widely believed that the east coast of the Americas was in fact that of Asia. Hispaniola is depicted with a north-south axis similar to depictions of Japan on maps of the same era. He claims that the depiction of the Caribbean was developed from at least one of Columbus's maps. Gregory McIntosh, a historian of cartography, has examined the Piri Reis map in depth and published his research in the book The Piri Reis Map of 1513 (Athens and London: University of Georgia Press, 2000). He attributed this to either copying from a polar projection, or to fit in the space available by hinging the map at that location and giving it an "alternate north", of which other examples are known in maps of the era. Hapgood argued that owing to the map being assembled from components, the Caribbean section was rotated nearly 90º from the top of South America.
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He supports this with an analysis of the mathematics of ancient maps and of their accuracy, which he says surpassed instrumentation available at the time of the map's drafting. Hapgood claims this and other maps support a theory of global exploration by a pre-classical undiscovered civilization. Charles HapgoodĬharles Hapgood began studying the map in the middle of the 20th century and published the book Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings in 1966. Part of the Piri Reis map showing Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. The Piri Reis map is currently located in the Library of the Topkapı Palace in Istanbul, Turkey, but is not usually on display to the public.Īnalysis File:Piri Reis map of Europe and the Mediterranean Sea.jpg According to Piri these maps included eight Ptolemaic maps, an Arabic map of India, four newly drawn Portuguese maps of their recent discoveries, and a map by Christopher Columbus of the western lands. Piri Reis stated that the map was based on about twenty charts and mappae mundi. The map was drawn in 1513 by Piri Reis, a famous admiral of the Turkish fleet, and presented to the Sultan in 1517. The surviving portion primarily details the western coast of Africa and the eastern coast of South America. It is the extant western third of a world map drawn on gazelle skin. The map was discovered in 1929 while Topkapı Palace was being converted into a museum. 3 Specific geographical points of contention.